Abstract:Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokugxila okwandayo kwezolimo e-China, imboni yokuzalanisa kanye nemboni yemishini yokucubungula ukudla nayo iye yathuthuka ngokushesha.Lokhu akubandakanyi nje kuphela amapulazi okuzalanisa amakhulu, kodwa futhi nenani elikhulu labalimi abakhethekile.Nakuba ucwaningo oluyisisekelo lwaseShayina ngemishini yokucubungula ukudla lusondele ezingeni lamazwe athuthukile phesheya, izinga lezezimboni elihlehlayo lithinta kakhulu intuthuko eqhubekayo nenempilo yemboni yemishini yokucubungula ukudla kwaseShayina.Ngakho-ke, lesi sihloko sihlaziya ngokujulile izingozi zokuphepha zemishini yokucubungula okuphakelayo futhi iphakamisa izindlela ezihlosiwe zokuvimbela ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko eqhubekayo yomkhakha wemishini yokucubungula okuphakelayo.
Ukuhlaziywa Kokuhlinzeka Ngekusasa kanye Nemikhuba Yesidingo Yemishini Yokucubungula Okuphakelayo
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, imboni yaseChina yezolimo zasemanzini ibilokhu ithuthuka, okuqhubekisele phambili intuthuko eqhubekayo yomkhakha wokucubungula ukudla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezidingo ezikhulayo zemishini yokucubungula ukudla.Lokhu akudingi nje kuphela imishini yokuphakelayo ukuze ihlangabezane kangcono nezidingo zokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi kubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa zokwethembeka kwemishini yokusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwamandla.Njengamanje, amabhizinisi emishini esebenza ngokuphakelayo e-China kancane kancane aqhubekela phambili ekuthuthukisweni okugxile emaqenjini amakhulu, iningi lawo asebenzisa ifilosofi yebhizinisi yokuhlanganisa i-electromechanical, process, kanye nobunjiniyela bomphakathi.Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuba nezinga lokwenza amaphrojekthi we-turnkey, kodwa futhi kuletha isevisi yokuma okukodwa.Lokhu kugqugquzele kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga lobuchwepheshe laseShayina kanye nomphumela.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga futhi ukuqaphela ngokugcwele ukuthi kusenezinkinga eziningi ngemishini yokucubungula okuphakelayo kanye nemishini e-China.Nakuba eminye imishini kanye nemishini kungenzeka ifinyelele ezingeni lokuthuthuka elithuthukile lamazwe ngamazwe, lawa mabhizinisi asembalwa kakhulu embonini yonke.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zici zithinta ngokuqondile ukuthuthukiswa okuzinzile nokunempilo kwamabhizinisi okucubungula ukudla.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezingozi zokuphepha emishinini yokucubungula ukudla kanye nemishini
2.1 Ukushoda kwekhava yokuphepha ye-flywheel
Njengamanje, i-flywheel ayinaso isembozo sokuphepha.Nakuba izinto zokusebenza eziningi zifakwe isembozo sokuphepha, zisekhona izingozi eziningi zokuphepha ekuphatheni imininingwane yendawo.Phakathi nenqubo yomsebenzi, uma izingozi zingasingathwa ngokucophelela noma ezimweni eziphuthumayo, kungabangela izingubo zabasebenzi ukuthi zingene ebhandeni elijikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase futhi kubangele isibopho sokuwela ebhandeni ukuze siphonswe kubasebenzi abasendaweni kanye nebhande eligijima, okuholela ekulimaleni okuthile.
2.2 Ubude obungeyona isayensi yepuleti elithwala imbobo yokudla
Ngenxa yobude obungezona obungokwesayensi bepuleti lokulayisha endaweni yokudla, izinto zensimbi, ikakhulukazi ukungcola okusansimbi okufana nama-gaskets, izikulufu, namabhulokhi ensimbi, zigcinwa ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezitholakala ngokuphakela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukudluliswa komshini.Okuphakelayo kungena ngokushesha ku-crusher, ebese iphula isando nezingcezu zesikrini.Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izobhoboza umzimba womshini ngokuqondile, ibeke usongo olukhulu ekuphepheni kwempilo kwabasebenzi be-resonance.
2.3 Ukushoda kwekhava yothuli endaweni encane yokungena
Ichweba elincane lokuphakela ligcwele izinto zokusetshenziswa zezinhlayiyana zokugaya, njengezithasiselo zamavithamini, izithasiselo zamaminerali, njalonjalo.Lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo zivame ukuba uthuli ngaphambi kokuba zixutshwe ku-mixer, ezingamuncwa abantu.Uma abantu behogela lezi zinto isikhathi eside, bazothola isicanucanu, isiyezi, nokucinana kwesifuba, okungaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yomuntu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uthuli lungena emotweni nezinye izinto zokusebenza, kulula ukulimaza izingxenye zemoto kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza.Lapho olunye uthuli oluvuthayo lunqwabelana endaweni ethile, kulula ukubangela ukuqhuma kothuli futhi kulethe umonakalo omkhulu.
2.4 Ukudlidliza kwemishini nokuvimbeka
Sisebenzisa i-crusher njengesibonelo sokuhlaziya ukudlidliza komshini nokuvinjwa.Okokuqala, i-crusher ne-motor zixhunywe ngokuqondile.Lapho izici ezihlukahlukene zenza ama-electron abe khona ku-rotor ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa, kanye nalapho i-rotor ye-crusher ingagxilile, izinkinga zokudlidliza zingase zenzeke ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-crusher feed.Okwesibili, lapho i-crusher igijima isikhathi eside, kuyoba nokugqoka okuphawulekayo phakathi kwama-bearings kanye ne-shaft, okuholela ekutheni izihlalo ezimbili zokusekela ze-shaft esekelayo zingabi khona esikhungweni esifanayo.Phakathi nenqubo yomsebenzi, ukudlidliza kuzokwenzeka.Okwesithathu, i-hammer blade ingase iphuke noma imfucumfucu eqinile ingase yenzeke ekamelweni lokuchoboza.Lokhu kuzobangela ukuthi i-rotor ye-crusher ijikeleze ngokulinganayo,.Lokhu kudala ukudlidliza komshini.Okwesine, ama-anchor bolts we-crusher akhululekile noma isisekelo asiqinile.Lapho ulungisa futhi ulungisa, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ama-bolts wehange ngokulinganayo.Amadivayisi abamba ukushaqeka angafakwa phakathi kwesisekelo ne-crusher ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yokudlidliza.Okwesihlanu, kunezici ezintathu ezingabangela ukuvinjelwa ku-crusher: okokuqala, kunomswakama ophezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezingavuthiwe.Okwesibili, isisefo sonakalisiwe futhi izindwani zesando ziqhekekile.Okwesithathu, ukusebenza nokusetshenziswa akunangqondo.Lapho i-crusher ihlangabezana nezinkinga zokuvinjwa, ayithinti kuphela ukukhiqiza, njengokuvaleka okukhulu, kodwa futhi ibangela ukugcwala ngokweqile futhi ishise ngisho nemoto, edinga ukuvala shaqa ngokushesha.
2.5 Ukusha okubangelwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu
Ngenxa yokuthi izidingo zenqubo yezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokufunxa zidinga ukuba semazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu, zidinga ukuxhunywa kumapayipi esitimu esishisayo.Ngenxa yokwakheka kwesiphithiphithi somklamo wamapayipi kanye nokufakwa endaweni, amapayipi amanzi anesitimu nawezinga lokushisa eliphezulu avame ukuvezwa, okubangela ukuthi abasebenzi bahlupheke ngenxa yokusha nezinye izinkinga.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-extrusion kanye nemishini yokushisa inamazinga okushisa angaphakathi aphezulu, kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu ebusweni kanye neminyango yokukhipha, okungaholela kalula ekushiseni izinga lokushisa eliphezulu nezinye izimo.
3 Izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuphepha emishinini yokucubungula ukudla
3.1 Ukuthuthukisa Ukuthenga Imishini Yokucubungula
Okokuqala, i-crusher.Njengamanje, ama-crusher awuhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwemishini yokucubungula ukudla.Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemishini yemishini ezweni lakithi i-roller crusher kanye ne-hammer crusher.Gcoba izinto zokusetshenziswa zibe yizinhlayiya ezinosayizi abahlukene ngokwezidingo ezihlukene zokudla.Okwesibili, mixer.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-mixer okuphakelayo avamile, okuyi-horizontal kanye ne-vertical.Inzuzo ye-mixer eqondile ukuthi ukuxuba kufana futhi kukhona ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuncane.Ukushiyeka kwayo kufaka phakathi isikhathi eside sokuxuba, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphansi, nokukhipha okunganele nokulayisha.Izinzuzo ze-mixer evundlile ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukukhipha ngokushesha, nokulayisha.I-drawback yayo ukuthi idla inani elikhulu lamandla futhi ithatha indawo enkulu, okuholela entengo ephezulu.Okwesithathu, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamakheshi, okuyizinyusi ezivunguzayo kanye nezikheshi zamabhakede.Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa ama-spiral elevator.Okwesine, umshini wokuphambanisa.Kuyimishini yokucubungula ehlanganisa izinqubo zokusika, ukupholisa, ukuxuba, nokwenza, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa imishini yokufunxa emanzi kanye nemishini yokuphafuza eyomile.
3.2 Naka ngokukhethekile inqubo yokufaka
Ngokuvamile, ukulandelana kokufakwa kweyunithi yokucubungula okuphakelayo kuqala ukufaka i-crusher, bese ufaka injini kagesi nebhande lokudlulisa.I-mixer idinga ukufakwa eduze kwe-crusher, ukuze i-port yokukhipha ye-crusher ixhunywe ku-port yokungena ye-mixer.Xhuma ikheshi endaweni yokungena ye-crusher.Ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zithelwa emgodini, futhi ikheshi liphakamisa izinto zokusetshenziswa zibe yi-crusher ukuze zichotshozwe.Bese, bangena emgqonyeni wokuxuba we-mixer.Ezinye izinto ezingavuthiwe zingathelwa ngokuqondile emgqonyeni wokuxuba ngembobo yokuphakela.
3.3 Ukulawula Okuphumelelayo Kwezinkinga Ezivamile
Okokuqala, uma kwenzeka ukudlidliza kwemishini okungavamile, izindawo ezingakwesokunxele nezingakwesokudla zenjini noma ukungezwa kwamaphedi kungalungiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kulungiswe ukugxila kwama-rotor amabili.Beka ishidi lethusi elincanyana endaweni engaphansi yesihlalo se-shaft esisekelayo, bese wengeza ama-wedge alungisekayo ngaphansi kwesihlalo esiphethe ukuze uqinisekise ukugxila kwesihlalo sokuthwala.Uma ushintsha insimbi yesando, umehluko wekhwalithi akufanele udlule amagremu angu-20, ukuze uqinisekise ibhalansi emile futhi uvimbele ukudlidliza kweyunithi.Lapho ugcina futhi ulungisa imishini, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ama-bolts wehange ngokulinganayo.Amadivayisi abamba ukushaqeka angafakwa phakathi kwesisekelo ne-crusher ukuze kuncishiswe ukudlidliza.Okwesibili, lapho ukuvinjelwa kwenzeka, kuyadingeka ukusula kuqala imbobo yokukhipha, esikhundleni semishini yokudlulisa engafanele, bese ulungisa inani lokuphakela ngokunengqondo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini.Bheka ukuthi umswakama wezinto ezingavuthiwe uphezulu kakhulu yini.Umswakama obalulekile we-crusher udinga ukuba ngaphansi kuka-14%.Uma izinto ezinomswakama ophezulu zingakwazi ukungena ku-crusher.
Isiphetho
Eminyakeni yamuva, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemboni yokuzalanisa, imboni yokucubungula ukudla iye yabhekana nokukhula okusheshayo, okuye kwakhuthaza ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo kwemboni yemishini yokucabanga.Njengamanje, nakuba imboni yemishini ephakelayo eShayina yenze intuthuko eqhubekayo ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe besimanje, kusenezinkinga eziningi ohlelweni lokufakwa kwemikhiqizo, futhi imishini eminingi iqukethe ngisho nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha.Ngalesi sisekelo, sidinga ukunaka kakhulu lezi zinkinga futhi sigweme ngokuphelele izingozi zokuphepha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-11-2024